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PEOPLE

Language
Tetum is the national language, but there are some 40 dialects. The use of native languages was banned under Indonesian occupation, though the situation was reversed after the country's independence. Portuguese is also spoken.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2009	1.1 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2009)
2007	1.1 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	1.1 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	1.1 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	1.0 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	1.0 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	0.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	0.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	0.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
3.2 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2009)

Ethnic groups
East Timor's Maubere people are descended from Melanesian and Malayan populations.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Most Timorese follow traditional religious practices; some 30 percent are Catholic.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	27.3 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	26.9 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	26.5 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	26.1 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	25.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	25.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	24.9 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	24.5 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
No data available
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2006)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	45.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	41.6 percent	U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report 2006
2003	42.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	39.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available percent
2000	No data available percent

USEFUL INFORMATION

Time zone
GMT +8

Climate description
The climate is tropical with heavy rainfall. It is dominated by intense monsoon rain, succeeded by a pronounced dry season. The north coast of the island has a brief rainy season from December to February; the south coast a double rainy season from Decembee to June, with a respite in March. The mountainous spine of the island has heavy rains that feed torrential floods.

Currency
U.S. dollar

Telephone dialling code
(+) 670

Driving (left/right)
Left

STANDARD OF LIVING

Average life expectancy

2005	59.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	56.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	55.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	49.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available years
2000	No data available years

Life expectancy - male

2005	58.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	54.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	54.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	48.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available years
2000	No data available years

Life expectancy - female

2005	60.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	57.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	56.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	50.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available years
2000	No data available years

Infant mortality

2007	77 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	47 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	52 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	64 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	87 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	89 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	85 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	No data available per 1,000 live births

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2007	97 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	55 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	61 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	80 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	124 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	126 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	No data available per 1,000 live births

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	18 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	18 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	24 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	24 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	26 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	No data available percent

Maternal mortality

2005	380 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	660 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	150	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	142	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	140	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	158	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available
2000	No data available

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2007	49 percent	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2000-2006	46 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	46 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	46 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	43 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	43 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	No data available percent
1995-2000	No data available percent

Percentage of undernourished population

2003-2005	22 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2008
2002-2004average	9 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	8 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2006	62 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	58 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	52 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	No data available percent

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	41 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	36 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	33 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	No data available percent

Literacy - average

2004	No data available percent
2003	58.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	58.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	No data available percent
2000	No data available percent

Literacy - male
No data available percent

Literacy - female
No data available percent

Landlines telephones

2008	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	No data available per 1,000 people
2001	No data available per 1,000 people
2000	No data available per 1,000 people

Cellular telephone subscribers

2008	74 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	74 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	48 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	33 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	27 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	22 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	No data available per 1,000 people
2001	No data available per 1,000 people
2000	No data available per 1,000 people

Internet users

2008	1 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	1 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	1 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	1 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	No data available per 1,000 people
2003	No data available per 1,000 people
2002	No data available per 1,000 people
2001	No data available per 1,000 people
2000	No data available per 1,000 people

Transparency International corruption ranking (Scale: 1 = least corrupt, >175 = most corrupt)

2008	145 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	123 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	111 (joint)	Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
No (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

ECONOMY & AID

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day
No data available percent

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2007	No data available current US$
2006	No data available current US$
2005	No data available current US$
2004	No data available current US$
2003	No data available current US$
2002	No data available current US$
2001	No data available current US$
2000	No data available current US$

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country's exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2007	0.4 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	0.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	0.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	0.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	0.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	0.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	0.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	0.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Annual GDP growth

2006	-1.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	2.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	0.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	-6.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	-6.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	16.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	13.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2007	12.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	4.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	1.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	-0.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	4.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	0.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	0.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	3.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
No data available

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
No data available

HEALTH

Physicians

2000-2004	10 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	10 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	No data available per 100,000 people

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)
No data available percent

Malaria
Risk of falciparum malaria exists throughout the year in the whole country. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2007	322 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2006	322 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2005	322 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2004	322 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2003	322 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2002	322 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2001	322 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2000	322 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009

CONFLICT & MIGRATION

Number of refugees originating here

2008	7	UNHCR
2007	6	UNHCR
2006	No data available
2005	251	UNHCR
2004	221	UNHCR
2003	127	UNHCR
2002	28097	UNHCR
2001	73042	UNHCR
2000	122202	UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here

2008	1	UNHCR
2007	1	UNHCR
2006	3	UNHCR
2005	3	UNHCR
2004	3	UNHCR
2003	3	UNHCR
2002	1	UNHCR
2001	No data available
2000	No data available

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

2009	30000	Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 2009
2008	100000	IDMC 2008
2007	100000	IDMC 2008
2006	150000	IDMC 2006

Landmine casualties per year

2004	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (2003 )
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military
No data available percent (2004)

Percentage of GDP spent on education
No data available percent

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	8.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	7.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	6.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	5.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	No data available percent

PEOPLE

USEFUL INFORMATION

STANDARD OF LIVING

ECONOMY & AID

HEALTH

CONFLICT & MIGRATION

Countries

NGO latest

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