Language
Spanish is the official language, but 6 million Mexicans also speak indigenous languages.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2009	109.6 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2009)
2007	106.3 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	105.3 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	104.3 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	103.3 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	102.5 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	101.7 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	100.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	99.7 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
129.0 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2009)

Ethnic groups
Mexicans are descended from Meso-American indigenous peoples and Spanish conquistadors. Indigenous peoples still account for 30 percent of the population.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Mainly Catholic
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	76.5 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	76.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	76.0 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	75.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	75.5 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	75.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	75.0 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	74.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1947
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2007)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	30.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	31.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	32.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	20.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	33.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	33.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Time zone
Standard Time GMT -6, Summer Time GMT -5

Climate description
Variable with altitude from tropical to arid desert. The central highlands are temperate.

Currency
New peso

Telephone dialling code
(+) 52

Driving (left/right)
Right

Average life expectancy

2005	75.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	75.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	75.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	73.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	73.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	72.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	73.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	72.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	72.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	70.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	70.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	70.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	78.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	77.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	77.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	76.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	76.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	76.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2007	29 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	29 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	22 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	23 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	23 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	24 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	24 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	25 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2007	35 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	35 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	27 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	28 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	28 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	29 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	29 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	30 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	83 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	95 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	86 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	86 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	86 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	86 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality

2005	60 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	83 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	52	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	53	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	53	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	53	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	55	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	54	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2007	5 percent	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2000-2006	5 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	8 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	8 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population

2003-2005	<5 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2008
2002-2004average	5 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	5 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2006	95 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	97 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	91 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	88 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	81 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	79 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	77 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	74 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average

2004	91.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	90.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	90.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	91.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	91.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male

2004	92.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	92.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	92.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	93.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	93.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female

2004	89.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	88.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	88.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	89.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	89.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones

2008	189 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	184 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	187 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	185 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	173 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	158 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	147 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	137 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	124 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Cellular telephone subscribers

2008	694 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	619 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	521 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	447 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	369 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	292 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	254 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	216 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	141 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Internet users

2008	216 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	208 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	190 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	182 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	164 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	147 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	133 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	70 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	51 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Transparency International corruption ranking (Scale: 1 = least corrupt, >175 = most corrupt)

2008	72 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	72 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	70 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	65 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	64 (joint)	Transparency International
2003	64 (joint)	Transparency International
2002	57 (joint)	Transparency International
2001	Not ranked
2000	59	Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day

1990-2005	3.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	4.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	9.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1990-2002	9.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001	8.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2007	9400 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	8740 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	8080 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	7410 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	6570 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	6000 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	5580 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	5110 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country's exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2007	1022.8 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	948.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	847.0 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	759.4 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	700.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	649.1 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	622.1 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	581.4 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Annual GDP growth

2006	4.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	2.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	4.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	1.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	0.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	-0.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	6.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2007	4.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	6.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	4.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	9.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	18.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	7.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	5.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	12.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
1.6 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
39.4 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Physicians

2000-2004	198 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	198 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	156 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	130 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2007	0.3 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006	0.3 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2005	0.3 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2004	0.3 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2003	0.3 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008

Malaria
Risk from P.vivax throughout the year in some rural areas. High risk of transmission in some localities in Hippos, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa and Tobasco. Moderate risk in Chihuahua, Durango, Nayarit, Oaxaca and Sonora. Low risk in Campeche, Guerrero, Michoacan and Jalisco.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2007	20 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2006	21 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2005	23 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2004	24 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2003	26 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2002	28 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2001	30 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2000	32 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009

Number of refugees originating here

2008	6162	UNHCR
2007	5572	UNHCR
2006	3304	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	2313	UNHCR
2004	1744	UNHCR
2003	1652	UNHCR
2002	1670	UNHCR
2001	1594	UNHCR
2000	1291	UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here

2008	1055	UNHCR
2007	1616	UNHCR
2006	3319	UNHCR
2005	3229	UNHCR
2004	4343	UNHCR
2003	6075	UNHCR
2002	12962	UNHCR
2001	15455	UNHCR
2000	18451	UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

2008	5500	Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 2008
2007	5500	Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 2008
2006	10000 - 12000	IDMC 2006
2005	10000 - 12000	IDMC 2005

Landmine casualties per year

2004	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	0.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	0.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	0.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	5.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2002-2004	5.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2000-2002	5.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001	5.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	4.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	3.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	2.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	2.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	2.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	2.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003