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Peru earthquake 2007

Last reviewed: 15-08-2008

Peru
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BASIC FACTS
Small country map
© 2004 Europa Technologies Ltd.

Capital
Lima

Language
The official languages are Spanish, Aymara and Quechua.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Area size
1280000 sq. km

Area comparison
Slightly larger than Scandinavia

Population
2009 29.2 million U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2009)
2007 27.8 million U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006 27.5 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2005 27.3 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2004 27.0 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2003 26.6 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2002 26.3 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2001 26.0 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2000 25.7 million U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
2050est 42.6 million U.N. DESA (2004)
2050 39.8 million U.N. DESA (2009)


PEOPLE

Language
The official languages are Spanish, Aymara and Quechua.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population
2009 29.2 million U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2009)
2007 27.8 million U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006 27.5 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2005 27.3 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2004 27.0 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2003 26.6 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2002 26.3 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2001 26.0 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2000 25.7 million U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
2050est 42.6 million U.N. DESA (2004)
2050 39.8 million U.N. DESA (2009)

Ethnic groups
Nearly half of the population is of indigenous origin (mostly Quechua and Aymara). Along the coast, most people are mixed descendants of indigenous people and the Spanish. There are small groups of African descendants as well as Chinese and Japanese immigrant minorities.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Catholicism is the official and predominant religion, though syncretism with indigenous religious beliefs also takes place.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population
2007 73.0 percent U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006 72.8 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2005 72.6 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2004 72.4 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2003 72.2 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2002 72.0 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2001 71.8 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2000 71.6 percent U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1955
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
97 (2007)
Source: UNESCO

Percentage of population under 15
2005 31.8 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 32.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 33.2 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 33.6 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 34.1 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 33.4 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002


USEFUL INFORMATION

Time zone
GMT -5

Climate description
The Pacific coastal area has a dry desert climate which has relatively cold temperatures for a tropical lattitude with little difference from month to month, fog and drizzle in the northern coastal areas. There is a noticeable reduction in temperature in the Andean mountain and plateaux areas throughout the year with a single rainy season between November and March. Tropical climate with high temperatures and humidity all year round in the eastern lowlands of the Amazon basin.

Currency
New Sol

Telephone dialling code
(+) 51

Driving (left/right)
Right


STANDARD OF LIVING

Average life expectancy
2005 70.7 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 70.2 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 70.0 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 69.7 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 69.4 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 68.8 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male
2005 68.2 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 67.8 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 67.5 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 67.2 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 66.9 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 66.6 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female
2005 73.3 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 72.9 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 72.6 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 72.3 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 72.0 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 71.6 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality
2007 17 per 1,000 live births U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006 21 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005 23 per 1,000 live births U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004 24 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003 26 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 30 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 30 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 40 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five
2007 20 per 1,000 live births U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006 25 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005 27 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004 29 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003 34 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 39 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000 50 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel
1997-2005 73 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004 59 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003 59 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002 59 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001 59 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000 56 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality
2005 240 per 100,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000 410 per 100,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)
2005 87 UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 82 UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 79 UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 85 UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 82 UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 82 UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)
2000-2007 5 percent U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2000-2006 8 percent UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005 8 percent UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004 7 percent UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003 7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002 7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001 7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000 13 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population
2003-2005 15 percent U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2008
2002-2004average 12 percent U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average 12 percent FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water
2006 84 percent UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004 83 percent UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002 81 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000 80 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation
2006 72 percent UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004 63 percent UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002 62 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000 71 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average
2004 87.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 87.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 85.0 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 90.2 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 89.9 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male
2004 93.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 93.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 91.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 94.8 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 94.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female
2004 82.1 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 82.1 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 80.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 85.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 85.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones
2008 100 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2007 94 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2006 85 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2005 81 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2004 75 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2003 68 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2002 62 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2001 60 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2000 66 per 1,000 people ITU 2009

Cellular telephone subscribers
2008 727 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2007 541 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2006 311 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2005 201 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2004 149 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2003 108 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2002 86 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2001 68 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2000 49 per 1,000 people ITU 2009

Internet users
2008 253 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2007 274 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2006 229 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2005 165 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2004 117 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2003 105 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2002 90 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2001 76 per 1,000 people ITU 2009
2000 31 per 1,000 people ITU 2009

Transparency International corruption ranking (Scale: 1 = least corrupt, >175 = most corrupt)
2008 72 (joint) Transparency International 2008
2007 72 (joint) Transparency International 2007
2006 70 (joint) Transparency International
2005 65 (joint) Transparency International
2004 67 (joint) Transparency International
2003 59 (joint) Transparency International
2002 45 (joint) Transparency International
2001 44 (joint) Transparency International
2000 41 Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report


ECONOMY & AID

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day
1990-2005 10.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004 12.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003 18.1 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1990-2002 18.1 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001 15.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method
2007 3410 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006 2980 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005 2710 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004 2430 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003 2200 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002 2060 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001 2000 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000 2080 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country's exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP
2007 107.3 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006 92.3 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005 79.4 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004 69.7 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003 61.3 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002 56.8 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001 53.9 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000 53.3 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Annual GDP growth
2006 7.7 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005 6.4 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004 5.2 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003 3.9 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002 5.2 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001 0.2 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000 3.0 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation
2007 2.0 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006 7.2 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005 3.0 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004 6.2 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003 2.8 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002 0.5 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001 1.4 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000 3.7 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
1.3 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
40.9 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008


HEALTH

Physicians
2000-2004 No data available per 100,000 people
1990-2004 117 per 100,000 people UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003 103 per 100,000 people UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002 117 per 100,000 people UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)
2007 0.5 percent U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006 0.4 percent U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2005 0.4 percent U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2004 0.4 percent U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2003 0.4 percent U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008

Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum and P.vivax is high in 21 of the 33 sanitary regions.
Source: WHO

TB cases
2007 126 per 100,000 people WHO 2009
2006 133 per 100,000 people WHO 2009
2005 140 per 100,000 people WHO 2009
2004 148 per 100,000 people WHO 2009
2003 156 per 100,000 people WHO 2009
2002 165 per 100,000 people WHO 2009
2001 174 per 100,000 people WHO 2009
2000 184 per 100,000 people WHO 2009


CONFLICT & MIGRATION

Number of refugees originating here
2008 7339 UNHCR
2007 7743 UNHCR
2006 6985 Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005 4865 UNHCR
2004 4769 UNHCR
2003 5581 UNHCR
2002 6430 UNHCR
2001 6502 UNHCR
2000 6944 UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here
2008 1075 UNHCR
2007 995 UNHCR
2006 911 UNHCR
2005 848 UNHCR
2004 766 UNHCR
2003 718 UNHCR
2002 688 UNHCR
2001 683 UNHCR
2000 687 UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate
2007 150000 Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 2008
2005 150000 Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 2007

Landmine casualties per year
2007 48 Landmine Monitor Report 2008
2006 13 Landmine Monitor Report 2008
2004 5 Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003 21 Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997 )
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military
2005 1.4 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 1.2 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 1.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005

Percentage of GDP spent on education
2002-2005 2.4 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2002-2004 3.0 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2000-2002 3.0 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001 3.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000 3.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health
2004 1.9 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004 2.1 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002 2.2 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001 2.6 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000 2.8 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003


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A prostitute called Bella shows her room to the press during an awareness campaign ahead of World AIDS day at the Trocadero brothel in Lima's port of Callao, November 30, 2009. ...



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Last updated:Tue Dec 1 16:48:27 2009